fn main() {
    let x: i32 = 42;
    let y: f64 = x as f64;
    println!("i32 -> f64: {}", y);

    let z: i64 = x as i64;
    println!("i32 -> i64: {}", z);

    // safe conversion with try_from
    let big: i32 = 300;
    let small: u8 = u8::try_from(big).unwrap_or(255);
    println!("300 as u8 (clamped): {}", small);

    // parsing strings
    let n: i32 = "42".parse().unwrap();
    println!("parsed: {}", n);
}